Spring (March–May): Average 11.3–18.9°C, mild climate but with more rainfall, especially in May. Common activities: Visiting the Vatican Museums, St. Peter's Basilica, and enjoying the spring sunshine. Recommended clothing: Comfortable casual wear, a light jacket for cooler mornings and evenings or rain.
Summer (June–August): Average 24.2–27.9°C, hot and dry with less rainfall. Common activities: Visiting Vatican City, relaxing in St. Peter's Square, and enjoying the Mediterranean sunshine. Recommended clothing: Light and breathable clothing, a hat and sunglasses for sun protection.
Autumn (September–November): Average 13.0–22.0°C, pleasant temperatures but with more rainfall, especially in September and November. Common activities: Visiting museums and churches within Vatican City, strolling through the city streets. Recommended clothing: Comfortable long-sleeved shirts and jackets to cope with changing weather.
Winter (December–February): Average 8.0–9.9°C, cold and humid with occasional rain. Common activities: Visiting indoor attractions such as the Vatican Museums and St. Peter's Basilica, and enjoying relatively fewer tourists. Recommended clothing: Warm coat, scarf, hat, and gloves.