Florence Cathedral

The Florence Duomo is famous for Filippo Brunelleschi's groundbreaking dome, the first of its kind in over a millennium, which symbolized the start of the Italian Renaissance. Its massive scale, impressive architecture, stunning facade, and status as one of the world's largest churches also make it a recognizable and iconic symbol of Florence and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The Duomo's dome was a revolutionary feat of engineering when it was completed in the 15th century. Brunelleschi developed innovative techniques, including a double-shelled structure and a unique herringbone brick pattern, to build it without relying on traditional wooden scaffolding. The dome's innovative construction marked a pivotal moment in architectural history, initiating the Renaissance and influencing subsequent domes, such as those of the Vatican and the U.S. Capitol.

Yes, the interior of the Florence Duomo (Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore) is free to enter, but you will likely need to wait in line for security checks. Access to other parts of the complex, such as the dome climb, baptistery, and museum, requires purchasing a separate ticket or pass. To enter the Duomo for free, go to the main entrance on the West Facade of the cathedral, wait in line to go through security checks, and follow the dress code by covering your shoulders and knees.

The cathedral is 153 meters in length, 90 meters wide at the transept, and 90 meters high from floor to base of the lantern. The title 'Santa Maria del Fiore' (Lady of the flower) alludes to the name of the city, 'Florentia', or 'city of flowers', 'destined to bloom', and to its emblem, the Florentine lily.

The Duomo in Florence, the Florence Cathedral (Santa Maria del Fiore), contains the tomb of the architect Filippo Brunelleschi in its crypt. The crypt also holds the ruins of Roman homes and the ancient Santa Reparata church, with Santa Reparata herself believed to be buried there. Other notable figures buried in the Duomo or its crypt include St. Zenobius of Florence and Pope Nicholas II.

Florence Cathedral is renowned for Filippo Brunelleschi's magnificent dome, a masterpiece of Renaissance engineering that pioneered new construction techniques. The cathedral's stunning marble facade, featuring intricate sculptures and Gothic elements, is another key architectural highlight. The Baptistery of St. John, located adjacent to the Duomo, is also a significant and beautiful part of the complex, famous for its bronze doors, including Ghiberti's 'Gates of Paradise'.