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Milan's surroundings offer many historical sites and towns perfect for day trips. For instance, Pavia, located about an hour's drive south of Milan, is renowned for its Certosa di Pavia. This magnificent monastery combines Gothic and Renaissance architectural styles, possessing significant artistic value. Further northeast, Bergamo is divided into an upper and lower city. The upper city fully preserves its medieval walls and buildings; strolling through it feels like stepping back in time, and you can take a cable car for panoramic views. These locations showcase Milan's historical facets across different eras, making them excellent choices for an in-depth exploration.

While Milan may not boast as many ancient Roman ruins as Rome or Pompeii, there are still a few places to trace its Roman Imperial footprint. The most prominent are the Colonne di San Lorenzo, sixteen Corinthian columns in front of the Basilica di San Lorenzo Maggiore, remnants of a 3rd-century Roman temple. Additionally, the Civic Museum of Archaeology (Civico Museo Archeologico di Milano) exhibits rich Roman-era artifacts, including ancient city walls and mosaics. Parts of Roman structures are also preserved beneath Milan Cathedral, revealing the city's long historical layers.

Milan and Florence offer distinct historical and cultural heritages. Florence is globally celebrated for its Renaissance art and architecture, embodying classical elegance and artistic passion. Milan's history, however, is more diverse and layered. It spans from ancient Roman remains and medieval Gothic cathedrals to Renaissance traces of Leonardo da Vinci, and its modern status as a European economic and fashion hub, demonstrating the evolution and fusion of different eras. A deep dive into Milan focuses more on exploring its historical context as an imperial capital and commercial center, as well as its innovations in art, design, and industry, presenting a unique charm that blends grandeur with modernity.

Milan's main historical attractions usually have adjusted opening hours during the Christmas and New Year holidays. Generally, most sites are closed on Christmas Day (December 25) and New Year's Day (January 1), while Christmas Eve (December 24) and New Year's Eve (December 31) may have shortened hours. Other dates might be normal or slightly adjusted. As opening hours vary by attraction, it is highly recommended to check the official website of each site before planning your itinerary to confirm the latest schedule and ensure a smooth trip.

To ensure smooth visits to Milan's main historical attractions, advance ticket booking is recommended, especially for popular sites like Leonardo da Vinci's 'The Last Supper,' which may require booking weeks or even months ahead. The primary booking method is directly through each attraction's official website. Alternatively, you can book via online travel platforms like KKday, choosing flexible packages or guided tours that offer Chinese customer support and flexible cancellation policies, alleviating language barriers and making travel arrangements more convenient.

To explore Milan's ancient architecture and rich cultural heritage, several classic landmarks are essential. First is the Duomo di Milano, a magnificent Gothic cathedral that is the city's heart, with exquisite sculptures and stained glass that will leave you in awe. Next is Sforza Castle (Castello Sforzesco), a former military fortress and ducal residence, now housing several museums displaying abundant art and historical artifacts. Of course, don't miss Santa Maria delle Grazie, home to Leonardo da Vinci's masterpiece, 'The Last Supper,' a treasure of Renaissance art. Together, these sites paint a picture of Milan's glorious past.

Milan Cathedral (Duomo di Milano) took nearly six centuries to largely complete and is one of the largest Gothic cathedrals in the world. Its construction began in 1386, blending Gothic, Renaissance, and Baroque styles, ultimately resulting in a unique 'Milanese Gothic' appearance. The exterior features over 3,400 statues, 135 spires, and numerous intricate flying buttresses, topped by the gilded statue of the Virgin Mary, 'Madonnina.' The interior is renowned for its vast stained-glass windows, soaring vaulted ceilings, and the solemn atmosphere created by light filtering through the windows, symbolizing Milan's history and art.

If you have only one day to explore Milan's historical sites, it's advisable to concentrate your itinerary in the city center for easy walking or short public transport rides. Start with the Duomo di Milano, visiting the interior and climbing to the roof for panoramic city views. Then, walk through Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, appreciating its architectural beauty, and arrive at the Teatro alla Scala square. In the afternoon, head to Sforza Castle (Castello Sforzesco) to explore its rich history and museum collections. If time permits and you've booked in advance, consider a visit to Santa Maria delle Grazie to see 'The Last Supper,' concluding your historical day trip perfectly.

Milan offers several historical sites and cultural experiences suitable for families with children. Sforza Castle (Castello Sforzesco) is an excellent choice, with its spacious courtyards and multiple museums allowing children to learn history while playing, and even dedicated workshops for kids. The National Museum of Science and Technology Leonardo da Vinci (Museo Nazionale della Scienza e della Tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci), while not exclusively historical, features numerous models of Leonardo's inventions and interactive exhibits that can spark children's interest in the connection between science and historical figures. Additionally, riding Milan's historic trams is a unique cultural experience that allows children to feel the city's daily life.

Beyond Milan Cathedral and Sforza Castle, Milan holds many lesser-known historical and cultural relics. For example, the Pinacoteca di Brera is not only an important art gallery but its building and the surrounding Brera District are steeped in history, offering charming old streets to wander. Another unique spot is the Monumental Cemetery (Cimitero Monumentale), which functions more as an open-air museum with elaborate sculptures and architecture, narrating the stories of Milanese families. Furthermore, the Ambrosian Library and Art Gallery (Pinacoteca Ambrosiana) houses a wealth of ancient texts and art treasures, including Leonardo da Vinci's manuscripts, making it a great place for a deeper understanding of Milan's cultural heritage.